The effectiveness of model-based testing (MBT) is mainly due to its potential for automation. If the model is formal and machine-readable, test cases can be derived automatically. One of the most used formal modeling techniques is the interpretation of a system as an extended finite state machine (EFSM). However, formal models are not a common practice in the industry. The Unified Modeling Language (UML) has become the de facto standard for software modeling. Nevertheless, due to the lack of formal semantics, its diagrams can be given ambiguous interpretations and are not suitable for testing automation. This article introduces a systematic procedure for the generation of tests from UML models that uses concepts of model-driven engineering (MDE) for formalizing UML sequence diagrams into extended finite state machines and providing a precise semantics for them. It also applies ModelJUnit and JUnit libraries for an automatic generation of test cases. A case study was conducted in a real software towards the evaluation of its applicability.

基于模型的测试（MBT）的有效性主要是由于其具有自动化潜力。如果模型是正式的并且是机器可读的，则可以自动导出测试用例。最常用的形式化建模技术之一是将系统解释为扩展的有限状态机（EFSM）。但是，正式模型在行业中并不常见。统一建模语言（UML）已成为软件建模的事实上的标准。但是，由于缺乏形式语义，因此其图表可能会产生模棱两可的解释，不适合测试自动化。本文介绍了一种用于从UML模型生成测试的系统过程，该过程使用模型驱动工程（MDE）的概念将UML序列图形式化为扩展的有限状态机，并为其提供精确的语义。它还将ModelJUnit和JUnit库应用于自动生成测试用例。在真实软件中进行了案例研究，以评估其适用性。