In order to improve the properties of phenolic foam (PF), 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) was introduced into the structure of epoxidized soybean oil (ESO), and DOPO-grafted ESO (DOPO-g-ESO) was obtained to modify phenolic resin (PR) and to prepare modified PF (DEMPF). The structures of ESO and DOPO-g-ESO were verified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance. In comparison with ESO, DOPO-g-ESO shows slightly worse thermal stability; the initial decomposition temperature (T _i) and residual carbon (600°C) decreased by 18.3 and 5.57%, respectively. DOPO-g-ESO-modified PR (DEMPR) shows a slightly higher decomposition temperature in comparison with PR. The carbon residues (600°C) of DEMPR decreased with the increase in the DOPO-g-ESO/phenol (P) content. Moreover, with the increase in the DOPO-g-ESO/P content, the activation energies of DEMPR gradually increased, and the reaction orders were all non-integers. Compared with PF, when the dosage of DOPO-g-ESO/P was less than or equal to 10%, the mechanical properties of DEMPF improved and then deteriorated. However, the flame retardancy of DEMPF decreased slightly, but not too much. In addition, the cell sizes of DEMPF gradually increased. Using comprehensive analysis, the optimal dosage of DOPO-g-ESO/P was found to be about 10%.

中文翻译：

---

DOPO-g-ESO的合成及其对酚醛泡沫复合材料性能的影响

为了提高酚醛泡沫塑料（PF）的性能，将9,10-二氢-9-氧杂-10-膦菲10氧化物（DOPO）引入环氧大豆油（ESO）的结构中，并进行了接枝接枝得到ESO（DOPO- g - ESO ）以改性酚醛树脂（PR）并制备改性的PF（DEMPF）。ESO和DOPO- g - ESO的结构通过傅里叶变换红外光谱和核磁共振验证。与ESO相比，DOPO- g - ESO的热稳定性稍差。初始分解温度（T _i）和残留碳（600°C）分别降低了18.3和5.57％。DOPO- g ^-ESO改性的PR（DEMPR）与PR相比，分解温度略高。DEMPR的碳残留量（600°C）随着DOPO- g -ESO /苯酚（P）含量的增加而降低。而且，随着在DOPO-增加克-ESO / P含量，DEMPR的活化能逐渐增加，和反应级数是所有的非整数。与PF相比，当DOPO- g -ESO / P的用量小于或等于10％时，DEMPF的机械性能会提高，然后下降。但是，DEMPF的阻燃性略有降低，但降幅不大。另外，DEMPF的细胞大小逐渐增加。通过综合分析，发现DOPO- g -ESO / P的最佳剂量约为10％。