In 2010 the international community codified the crime of aggression. But the jurisdiction of courts and definition of acts encompassed by the crime would remain incomplete. Western Sahara now appears to be the only situation where it is possible to prosecute aggression. The development of the crime is reviewed and the circumstances of aggression in Western Sahara are addressed starting with the territory’s invasion in 1975. The analysis moves to Spain’s 2014 adoption of the crime, its national criminal law jurisdiction and the limits to retroactivity in the case of Western Sahara. Occupation and annexation, as presumptive second and third acts of aggression in Western Sahara, are reviewed. A fourth act of aggression not explicitly defined in 2010 is examined, the intentional denial of a non-self-governing people’s right to self-determination. Defences to aggression in Western Sahara are evaluated. Lessons for future development and application of the crime are discussed.

2010年，国际社会将侵略罪编成法律。但是，法院的管辖权和犯罪所包含的行为的定义将仍然不完整。现在看来，西撒哈拉是唯一可以起诉侵略的情况。从1975年入侵西班牙开始，对犯罪的发展进行了审查，并论述了西撒哈拉的侵略情况。分析涉及西班牙在2014年通过该犯罪，其国家刑法管辖权以及该案件在追溯方面的限制。西撒哈拉。对占领和吞并作为推定的西撒哈拉第二次和第三次侵略行为进行了审查。审查了2010年未明确定义的第四项侵略行为，这是有意剥夺非自治人民的自决权。对西撒哈拉的侵略防御进行了评估。讨论了今后发展和适用该罪行的经验教训。