In areas beyond national jurisdiction communitarian interests are vulnerable to a weak legal order, evidenced by the prevalence of IUU fishing. The negotiation of an agreement for conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ) and the still-evolving jurisprudence for erga omnes obligations present opportunities to strengthen them through global cooperative institutions by empowering states and non-state actors. BBNJ bodies designed to lead effective cooperation with other regimes should be considered strengthening, not undermining, to the legal order of the ocean, as economic interests emphasized in other instruments may be enhanced in the long-term by the BBNJ agreement’s planning, transparency, capacity building and technology transfer provisions. International courts have found that individual states have standing to represent community interests; non-state actors could also be recognized to have standing to access judicial fora when existential interests of humanity are at stake.

在IUU捕捞盛行的情况下，在国家管辖范围以外的地区，社区利益容易受到法律秩序薄弱的影响。为保护和国家管辖范围以外（区的可持续利用海洋生物多样性的协定的谈判BBNJ），并仍在发展法理学的普遍性义务提供了机会通过赋予国家和非国家行为体加强他们通过全球合作机构。BBNJ旨在领导与其他政权进行有效合作的机构应被视为加强而不是破坏海洋的法律秩序，因为BBNJ的长期利益可能会增强其他文书中强调的经济利益协议的计划，透明度，能力建设和技术转让条款。国际法院发现，每个州都有代表社区利益的地位；当人类的生存利益受到威胁时，非国家行为者也有资格进入司法论坛。