In the present study, the performance of Dez Reservoir, its regulatory and downstream diversion dams are studied using the system dynamics method (SD) in the Vensim software. In the first step, all the effective parameters with their relationship were identified and then the simulation was carried out considering the minimum and maximum reservoir volume and downstream demand over an eight-year period (2006–2013). After model validation, the statistical indices of correlation coefficient (R²), root mean square error (RMSE), and standard error (SE) for the reservoir volume were calculated as 0.99, 3.1690, and 0.18, respectively. The statistical indices for the regulatory dam were 0.98, 7.51, and 0.13, respectively. These statistical indices were 0.92, 4.71, and 0.37 for the diversion dam. The achieved results showed that the SD-simulated releases met downstream demands and the SD method has high accuracy in simulating the performance of the surface tank system. Moreover, for a better evaluation of the results of the SD model, the eight-year Dez dam releases were optimized using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, and the required deficiency values were evaluated in both SD and PSO models. Results showed that SD provides more appropriate planning in meeting the downstream demands than PSO.

在本研究中，使用Vensim软件中的系统动力学方法（SD）研究了Dez水库，其调节水库和下游引水坝的性能。第一步，确定所有有效参数及其关系，然后在考虑八年期间（2006-2013年）的最小和最大储水量以及下游需求的情况下进行模拟。模型验证后，相关系数的统计指标（R ²），储层体积的均方根误差（RMSE）和标准误差（SE）分别计算为0.99、3.1690和0.18。调节水坝的统计指数分别为0.98、7.51和0.13。引水坝的这些统计指标分别为0.92、4.71和0.37。取得的结果表明，SD模拟释放量满足下游需求，SD方法在模拟地面坦克系统性能方面具有很高的准确性。此外，为了更好地评估SD模型的结果，使用粒子群优化（PSO）算法对八年期Dez大坝的释放进行了优化，并在SD和PSO模型中评估了所需的亏缺值。结果表明，与PSO相比，SD在满足下游需求方面提供了更合适的计划。