Abstract:

This study uses a developmental perspective to examine correlates of subjective well-being and life satisfaction among 10-year-old and 12-year-old students (N = 1,959) from the Tyumen region in West Siberia, Russia. Overall, children’s satisfaction with life as a whole was positively associated with perceptions of family life across both age groups. As hypothesized, developmental differences were observed in the way children’s reports of satisfaction with family, school and peers correlated with their reports of well-being. Among younger participants, subjective well-being was associated most strongly with satisfaction with school life, while for older participants, the strongest correlation was with satisfaction with family life. Results further revealed distinct, theoretically meaningful groups of children based on perceived satisfaction with life across three domains–family, school and friendships. These patterns differed between the two age groups. Among younger participants, two groups were identified: (a) Generally Happy (n = 609, 62.3%) and (b) Somewhat Unhappy (n = 368, 37.7%). Classification among older participants was more nuanced, resulting in four clusters that varied in the degree of satisfaction across life domains: (a) Generally Happy (n = 389, 39.6%), (b) Unhappy at School (n = 252, 25.7%), (c) Mostly Unhappy (n = 206, 21%), and (d) Happy with Friends (n = 135, 13.7%). Surprisingly, the clusters did not differ consistently on the measures of subjective well-being. Implications for educators as well as families with young children are discussed.

摘要：

这项研究使用发展的观点来检验10岁和12岁学生的主观幸福感与生活满意度之间的相关性（N= 1,959）来自俄罗斯西西伯利亚的秋明州地区。总体而言，两个年龄段儿童对整体生活的满意度与对家庭生活的看法均呈正相关。如假设的那样，在儿童对家庭，学校和同龄人的满意度报告与他们的幸福报告相关的方式上观察到发育差异。在较年轻的参与者中，主观幸福感与对学校生活的满意度最密切相关，而对较年长的参与者而言，最强烈的相关性与对家庭生活的满意度相关。结果进一步揭示了基于对家庭，学校和友谊这三个领域的生活满意度感到满意的独特的，理论上有意义的儿童群体。在两个年龄段之间，这些模式有所不同。在年轻的参与者中，总体而言，快乐（n = 609，62.3％）和（b）有点不快乐（n = 368，37.7％）。年龄较大的参与者的分类更加细微，导致四个集群在不同生活领域的满意度上有所不同：（a）总体上快乐（n = 389，39.6％），（b）在学校不快乐（n = 252，25.7％） ），（c）大部分不快乐（n = 206，21％）和（d）与朋友快乐（n= 135，13.7％）。令人惊讶的是，各组在主观幸福感的衡量标准上并不一致。讨论了对教育者以及有小孩的家庭的影响。