Introduction. The evaluation of individuals with fibromyalgia is challenging. Electroencephalography is a promising resource for identifying physiological biomarkers in fibromyalgia, contributing to its diagnosis. Objective. To review studies involving the use of electroencephalography to evaluate individuals with fibromyalgia. Method. A systematic review of studies published in the PubMed, Lilacs, and SciELO databases from 2001 to 2020 was conducted. The keywords used were electroencephalogram, electroencephalography, and fibromyalgia. The database search complied with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) criteria. Results. A total of 136 articles were identified after a database search using the keywords “fibromyalgia” AND “electroencephalography”, and 131 articles were found using the keywords “fibromyalgia” AND “electroencephalogram” (EEG). In the end, 20 articles remained after applying the exclusion criteria. The data was organized into subcategories related to the form of use, protocols, electroencephalographic findings in patients with fibromyalgia, and the EEG analysis method. Conclusion. Electroencephalography is a promising method for identifying and characterizing biomarkers for fibromyalgia.

介绍。对纤维肌痛患者的评估具有挑战性。脑电图是识别纤维肌痛生理生物标志物的有前途的资源，有助于其诊断。客观的。回顾涉及使用脑电图评估纤维肌痛患者的研究。方法。对 2001 年至 2020 年 PubMed、Lilacs 和 SciELO 数据库中发表的研究进行了系统回顾。使用的关键词是脑电图、脑电图和纤维肌痛。数据库检索符合系统评价和荟萃分析（PRISMA）标准的首选报告项目。结果。使用关键词“纤维肌痛”和“脑电图”进行数据库检索后，共找到 136 篇文章，其中使用关键词“纤维肌痛”和“脑电图”(EEG) 共找到 131 篇文章。最终，应用排除标准后，剩下20篇文章。这些数据被组织成与使用形式、方案、纤维肌痛患者的脑电图结果以及脑电图分析方法相关的子类别。结论。脑电图是识别和表征纤维肌痛生物标志物的一种有前途的方法。