Bed particle agglomeration and ash deposition in a 0.2 t/d circulating fluidized bed (CFB) gasifying high sodium Zhundong lignite (ZD) at different air equivalence ratios (ERs) were experimentally investigated. With quartz as bed material in the CFB at 900 °C, ZD within 3 mm in size was fed into the furnace and gasified at ERs 0.73–0.33. Two air-cooled probes were inserted in the furnace chamber (P₁) and placed at the cyclone outlet (P₂) respectively to simulate ash deposition. The bottom ash (BA), fly ash and ash deposited on probes were collected and analysed by using XRD, SEM-EDS, and an ash fusion analyser. At ER0.73 during gasification, agglomerates of bed particles were observed, since low melting-points sodium silicates sticking the bed particles together. Meanwhile, in the presence of NaFeSi₂O₆ and sodium silicate, char particles were found to have been coated by quartz and ash particles. Independent temperature-programmed ESEM imaging analysis showed these minerals became molten even at 800 °C, confirming their low melting-points. Agglomeration in BA became even severe as ER decreased, suggesting an aggravated agglomeration tendency. The fly ash mainly composed of calcium sulphate and Na-bearing minerals, whose morphological and mineralogical features were independent of ERs. In addition, ash deposited on P₂ under all gasification conditions was found to be rich in Na₂SO₄. However, the contents of NaCl and unburned carbon increased significantly as ERs decreased. This decreased the sintering tendency of deposited ash but promoted corrosion of the P₂ probe tip as observed.

实验研究了0.2 t / d循环流化床（CFB）在不同空气当量比（ER）下气化高准东褐煤（ZD）床层中的颗粒团聚和灰分沉积。在900°C的CFB中使用石英作为床层材料，将尺寸为3 mm的ZD送入炉中，并在0.73–0.33 ER下气化。将两个风冷探头插入炉腔（P ₁）中，并置于旋风分离器出口（P _2））分别模拟灰烬沉积。收集底灰（BA），粉煤灰和沉积在探针上的灰，并使用XRD，SEM-EDS和灰熔融分析仪进行分析。在气化过程中的ER0.73，观察到床颗粒的团聚，因为低熔点的硅酸钠将床颗粒粘在一起。同时，在NaFeSi ₂ O ₆的存在下对于硅酸钠和硅酸钠，发现炭颗粒已被石英和灰分​​颗粒覆盖。独立的程序升温ESEM成像分析表明，即使在800°C时，这些矿物仍会熔化，从而证实了其低熔点。随着ER的减少，BA的集聚甚至变得更加严重，表明集聚趋势加剧。粉煤灰主要由硫酸钙和含钠矿物组成，其形态和矿物学特征与ER无关。另外，发现在所有气化条件下沉积在P ₂上的灰分都富含Na ₂ SO _4。。但是，随着ER的减少，NaCl和未燃烧碳的含量显着增加。如所观察到的，这降低了沉积灰分的烧结趋势，但是促进了P ₂探针尖端的腐蚀。