Carsharing services aim at offering short-term car rentals. Those rentals can be offered in different modalities, such as round-trip and one-way. This work simulates the dynamics of possible carsharing clients searching for resources availability and using the carsharing service. Clients can rent a vehicle if there is an available car at the client's origin station and an available parking slot at the client's destination station. If there is no car or parking slot available, the possible clients look for these resources in other stations nearby their origin and destination. Together with this Agent-Based simulation, the fleet of vehicles is optimized to serve as many clients as possible and to avoid wasting resources. This work proposes a Mixed-Integer Linear Programming Model to optimize the fleet size of a carsharing service for the one-way and round-trip modes while simulating the clients interaction. Different scenarios are analyzed using real parameters and spatial data from the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Those scenarios are composed for round-trip and one-way, varying the number of possible clients, the maximum number of available vehicles, different sets of carsharing stations and the corresponding number of parking slots. We also explore the distance walked by clients to find an available vehicle to rent or a parking slot to deliver the rented vehicle. The Agent-Based simulation showed that clients' flexibility to walk was well aligned with a higher allocation of vehicles in the same station, since it increased the possibility of sharing cars among nearby clients. Also, results show that round-trip services can scale-up better than one-way services, and that distances walked by the clients to be served are essential to make the most of the one-way mode's vehicles and parking slots.

拼车服务旨在提供短期租车服务。可以以不同的方式提供这些租金，例如往返和单程。这项工作模拟了可能的拼车客户动态搜索资源可用性并使用拼车服务。如果客户的原始站点上有可用的汽车，而客户的目标站点上有可用的停车位，则客户可以租用车辆。如果没有可用的汽车或停车位，则可能的客户会在其起点和终点附近的其他车站中寻找这些资源。结合此基于Agent的模拟，优化了车队以服务尽可能多的客户并避免浪费资源。这项工作提出了一种混合整数线性规划模型，以在模拟客户交互的同时针对单向和往返模式优化拼车服务的车队规模。使用来自巴西圣保罗市的真实参数和空间数据分析了不同的场景。这些方案是双向和单向的，它们会改变可能的客户数量，可用车辆的最大数量，不同的汽车共享站以及相应的停车位数量。我们还将探索客户寻找可租用车辆或停车位来交付所租车辆的步行距离。基于Agent的模拟显示，客户的行走灵活性与同一站点中较高的车辆分配高度吻合，因为它增加了在附近客户之间共享汽车的可能性。而且，结果表明，往返服务比单向服务更好，并且要服务的客户所走的距离对于充分利用单向模式的车辆和停车位至关重要。