Background Cerebral palsy (CP) is a non-progressive disorder of posture and movement caused by prenatal or perinatal lesions of the brain. Children with CP are also at increased risk of other disabilities, for example, intellectual disability. Previous studies suggest the risk of intellectual disability varies in complex ways according to the type of motor impairment and perinatal factors such as gestational age. Objective To determine the patterns of risk of intellectual disability in children with spastic CP. Design Cross-sectional, population-based study using the Northern Ireland Cerebral Palsy Register. Participants Persons born in 1981–2008 with congenital bilateral or unilateral spastic CP (N=1452). Outcome measure The outcome measure was severe intellectual disability (IQ <50), as reported by clinicians known to the child. Data pertaining to CP subtype, sex, gestational age, birth weight and functional level were included in analyses. Results Severe intellectual disability was significantly more prevalent in children with bilateral spastic CP (BSCP) compared with children with unilateral spastic CP (χ² (2)=162.60, p<0.001). Compared with very preterm infants with BSCP, the risk of intellectual disability increased in moderately preterm (OR=3.97, 95% CI 1.04 to 15.23) and at-term (OR=2.51, 95% CI 1.16 to 5.44) children with BSCP. Conclusions Children with BSCP are at increased risk of intellectual disability, with those born at term at the highest risk. The findings highlight the importance of early screening, particularly for children with BSCP born at term. Data may be obtained from a third party and are not publicly available. Owing to conditions of ethical approval and data access agreements with Health and Social Care Trusts, data are not open access. Specific requests in relation to accessing data or collaborating with the Northern Ireland Cerebral Palsy Register can be sent to the corresponding author.

中文翻译：

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痉挛性脑瘫患儿智力障碍的危险因素

背景脑瘫 (CP) 是一种非进行性的姿势和运动障碍，由大脑的产前或围产期病变引起。患有脑瘫的儿童患其他残疾的风险也增加，例如智力残疾。先前的研究表明，根据运动障碍的类型和围产期因素（例如胎龄），智力残疾的风险以复杂的方式变化。目的确定痉挛性脑瘫患儿智力障碍的风险模式。使用北爱尔兰脑性麻痹登记册设计基于人群的横断面研究。参与者 1981-2008 年出生的先天性双侧或单侧痉挛性脑瘫患者 (N=1452)。结果测量结果测量结果是严重的智力障碍（IQ < 50），正如儿童认识的临床医生所报告的那样。与 CP 亚型、性别、胎龄、出生体重和功能水平有关的数据被纳入分析。结果双侧痉挛性CP（BSCP）患儿严重智力障碍的发生率明显高于单侧痉挛性CP患儿（χ²（2）=162.60，p<0.001）。与患有 BSCP 的极早产儿相比，患有 BSCP 的中度早产儿 (OR=3.97, 95% CI 1.04 至 15.23) 和足月 (OR=2.51, 95% CI 1.16 至 5.44) 儿童智力残疾的风险增加。结论 患有 BSCP 的儿童患智力障碍的风险增加，足月出生的儿童患智力障碍的风险最高。研究结果强调了早期筛查的重要性，尤其是对于足月出生的 BSCP 儿童。数据可能从第三方获得并且不公开可用。由于道德批准条件和与 Health and Social Care Trusts 的数据访问协议，数据不是开放访问的。有关访问数据或与北爱尔兰脑瘫登记处合作的具体请求可以发送给相应的作者。