ABSTRACT

Holoplankton and meroplankton were investigated in three different basins of the Brazilian Equatorial Margin, from January to May of 2015. The copepods Clausocalanus furcatus, Undinula vulgaris, Nannocalanus minor, Scolecithrix danae, and the larvacean Oikopleura longicauda were the most abundant and frequent organisms. Simultaneously, decapod and mollusk larvae, and larval fish, were the most abundant meroplankton. The decapod Anapagurus chiroacanthus was recorded in the western Atlantic for the first time. The highest richness and diversity occurred in the Foz do Amazonas Basin, while the Pará-Maranhão Basin had the highest abundance, associated with high levels of total organic carbon. There was a clear separation among the three basins in the occurrence of some species. Our study revealed significant variability in the holo- and meroplankton communities of the region. The significant differences in suspended solids explained the holo- and meroplankton distribution among basins, mainly in the sampling stations of the Foz do Amazonas Basin, which is related to the influence of the Amazon River plume in this region.

摘要

终生浮游生物和meroplankton在巴西赤道保证金的三种不同的流域进行了调查，从一月至2015年的桡足类五月Clausocalanus furcatus，Undinula寻常，Nannocalanus轻微，Scolecithrix达娜厄，并larvacean Oikopleura长尾是最丰富的，频繁的有机体。同时，十足动物和软体动物的幼体以及幼体鱼是最丰富的浮游生物。十足的甲壳类鹦鹉第一次记录在西大西洋。最高的丰富度和多样性发生在Foz do Amazonas盆地，而Pará-Maranhão盆地的丰度最高，与高水平的总有机碳有关。由于某些物种的出现，三个盆地之间存在明显的分离。我们的研究表明，该地区的整体和浮游生物群落具有显着的变异性。悬浮固体的显着差异解释了盆地之间的整体和浮游生物分布，主要是在Foz do Amazonas盆地的采样站，这与该地区亚马逊河烟流的影响有关。