The ever-evolving trip mode of human being leads the automobiles moving toward connected, autonomous, sharing, and electrified vehicles rapidly. But the connection introduces new cybersecurity problems on in-vehicle networks, which poses great challenges for safety guarantee of distributed automotive cyber-physical systems. This article first analyzes the cybersecurity vulnerabilities and defines the security requirements for in-vehicle networks, and then introduces the architecture evolution of in-vehicle network. Based on the definition on architecture of in-vehicle networks, this article defines a security protection framework for it. And then, it surveys the state-of-the-art works for availability protection, integrity protection, and confidentiality protection of in-vehicle networks, respectively, and detailed analysis and comparisons are given about the proposed cybersecurity protection mechanisms. Finally, it summarizes the future challenges for cybersecurity protection of in-vehicle networks, and proposes possible solutions for these challenges.

中文翻译：

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分布式汽车网络物理系统车载网络的网络安全保护：最新技术和未来挑战

人类不断发展的出行方式，使汽车迅速走向互联、自主、共享、电动化。但这种连接给车载网络带来了新的网络安全问题，这对分布式汽车信息物理系统的安全保障提出了巨大挑战。本文首先分析了网络安全漏洞并定义了车载网络的安全要求，然后介绍了车载网络的架构演进。本文基于对车载网络架构的定义，为其定义了一个安全保护框架。然后，它分别调查了车载网络的可用性保护、完整性保护和机密性保护的最新工作，并对所提出的网络安全保护机制进行了详细的分析和比较。最后，总结了未来车载网络网络安全保护面临的挑战，并针对这些挑战提出了可能的解决方案。