With increasing awareness of geotechnical risks in civil and mining structures, taking advantage of smartphone technology to study rocky slopes can play a key role in the development of safe and economical structures for human welfare. In Malawi, there is a research gap on application of portable devices to collect geotechnical data. Geological engineers still use the unsafe tedious handmapping technique to collect geotechnical data. A road cut that experiences frequent rockfall is used as a case study to investigate if there is a role for smartphones in geotechnics by comparing set statistics of data clusters collected through photogrammetry, smartphone and clar inclinometer. Besides low cost, smartphone’ data capture speed is faster than clar inclinometer. Stereographic and kinematic analysis shows that the 75° dipping road cut is predominantly prone to wedge failure with minor planar failure. For slope stability, Q -slope suggests a new slope angle of 60–66°. An acceptable tolerance limit or error between handmapping and remote data capture systems should be less than ±15°. Set analysis on 111 comparable data points gave a maximum pole vector difference of 10.5°, with the minimum having a difference of 4.8°. For dip, the standard deviations vary from 4.9 to 9.5°, while their mean values vary from −2 to 2.75°. For dip directions, the standard deviations vary from 3.2 to 4.3°, while their mean values vary from −6 to 0.75°. Therefore, android smartphones have a role in geotechnics due to their allowable orientation errors, which show less variance in measured dip/dip direction.

中文翻译：

---

摄影测量，映射和android智能手机在岩土测绘和边坡稳定性分析中的比较应用

随着人们对土木和采矿结构中岩土工程风险的认识不断提高，利用智能手机技术研究岩质边坡可在开发安全，经济的人类福利结构中发挥关键作用。在马拉维，对于便携式设备在收集岩土数据方面的应用存在研究空白。地质工程师仍然使用不安全的繁琐的贴图技术来收集岩土数据。通过比较通过摄影测量法，智能手机和克拉克倾角仪收集的数据集的集合统计数据，来研究经历频繁崩塌的路段作为案例研究，以研究智能手机在岩土工程中是否起作用。除了低成本之外，智能手机的数据捕获速度还比clar倾斜仪快。体视学和运动学分析表明，倾角为75°的路段主要容易发生楔形破坏，而平面破坏较小。对于边坡稳定性，Q坡度建议新的坡度角为60–66°。映射和远程数据捕获系统之间的可接受的公差极限或误差应小于±15°。对111个可比较数据点的集合分析得出最大极向量差为10.5°，最小极差为4.8°。对于倾角，标准偏差在4.9至9.5°之间变化，而其平均值在-2至2.75°之间变化。对于倾斜方向，标准偏差在3.2到4.3°之间变化，而平均值在-6到0.75°之间变化。因此，Android智能手机由于其允许的方向误差而在岩土工程中发挥了作用，在测量的倾角/倾角方向上的变化较小。