Abstract

Reverse mortgage is an alternative source of financing of elderly population that usually has some homeownership, but insufficient income and savings to support desired or indispensable level of consumption. It is a financial innovation mostly provided by banks and finance companies to seniors, which enables a home equity conversion to liquidity without selling or leaving a property. In circumstances of ageing society, modest pension income, increasing long-care expenditures, limited access to loan market and high risk of poverty, a reverse mortgage product has a solid ground for implementation and adoption. Croatia is an ageing country with negative demographic trends, which accelerated in the last few years. Retired population which is “home rich and cash poor” is particularly vulnerable and at strike to sustain a decent life. Therefore, we raised a question concerning the justification of the reverse mortgage introduction in Croatia. After giving an insight into some contextual factors, an estimation of the potential demand for reverse mortgage service in Croatia was made by carrying out an exploratory – pilot study with around 120 questionnaire respondents. We found out that there is a poor knowledge about the reverse mortgage among Croatian financial consumers (i.e. only 24% of respondents are familiar with the reverse mortgage term), as well as the lack of demand for this home equity extraction instrument. Namely, almost 67% of respondents would not accept a reverse mortgage instrument regardless of the circumstances, primarily due to socio-cultural reasons.

中文翻译：

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预计克罗地亚将采用反向抵押贷款

摘要

反向抵押贷款是通常拥有一定房屋所有权但收入和储蓄不足以支持所需或必不可少的消费水平的老年人的另一种筹资来源。这是一项金融创新，主要由银行和金融公司提供给老年人，这使房屋净值能够转换为流动性而无需出售或离开财产。在社会老龄化，养老金收入不高，长期护理支出增加，进入贷款市场的机会有限以及贫困风险很高的情况下，反向抵押贷款产品具有实施和采用的坚实基础。克罗地亚是一个老龄化国家，其人口趋势呈消极态势，最近几年呈加速趋势。“家庭富裕和现金贫乏”的退休人口特别脆弱，正在为维持体面生活而罢工。所以，我们提出了一个关于在克罗地亚引入反向抵押贷款的理由的问题。在了解了一些背景因素之后，通过对大约120名调查问卷的受访者进行探索性试点研究，估算了克罗地亚对反向抵押贷款服务的潜在需求。我们发现，克罗地亚金融消费者对反向抵押贷款知之甚少（即只有24％的受访者熟悉反向抵押贷款期限），并且对这种房屋净值提取工具的需求不足。即，几乎67％的受访者无论在什么情况下都不接受反向抵押贷款工具，这主要是由于社会文化原因。在了解了一些背景因素之后，通过对大约120名调查问卷的受访者进行探索性试点研究，估算了克罗地亚对反向抵押贷款服务的潜在需求。我们发现，克罗地亚金融消费者对反向抵押贷款知之甚少（即只有24％的受访者熟悉反向抵押贷款期限），并且对这种房屋净值提取工具的需求不足。即，几乎67％的受访者无论在什么情况下都不接受反向抵押贷款工具，这主要是由于社会文化原因。在了解了一些背景因素之后，通过对大约120名调查问卷的受访者进行探索性试点研究，估算了克罗地亚对反向抵押贷款服务的潜在需求。我们发现，克罗地亚金融消费者对反向抵押贷款知之甚少（即只有24％的受访者熟悉反向抵押贷款期限），并且对这种房屋净值提取工具的需求不足。即，几乎67％的受访者无论在什么情况下都不接受反向抵押贷款工具，这主要是由于社会文化原因。我们发现，克罗地亚金融消费者对反向抵押贷款知之甚少（即只有24％的受访者熟悉反向抵押贷款期限），并且对这种房屋净值提取工具的需求不足。即，几乎67％的受访者无论在什么情况下都不接受反向抵押贷款工具，这主要是由于社会文化原因。我们发现，克罗地亚金融消费者对反向抵押贷款知之甚少（即只有24％的受访者熟悉反向抵押贷款期限），并且对这种房屋净值提取工具的需求不足。即，几乎67％的受访者无论在什么情况下都不接受反向抵押贷款工具，这主要是由于社会文化原因。