Abstract

The gender inequality is the hot topic for most countries in the world. However, sometimes the talks about the risks and threats are more dramatic than the reality is. The paper aims to test the gender gap in the selected states and to consider the hypothesis that gender matters in entrepreneurial activity. The methodology of the regression and statistical analyses is proposed to access the main hypothesis and to trace the dynamics of the gender indexes and ranks. The preliminary results show that gender affects the level of entrepreneurial activity; besides government support programs and socio-cultural factors have a significant impact as well. The valid results for all states represented positive correlation and dependence between Entrepreneurial Motivation for TEA and Female/Male ratio for all analysed states. We can conclude that the change in the ratio of women and men engaged in entrepreneurial activity in the state (i.e. Poland) will affect the level of business innovation. For example, when the gender structure of entrepreneurs in Poland changes towards the number of women compared to men, the level of innovation of products and services will increase, or vice versa.

中文翻译：

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创业活动的性别问题：欧洲国家的案例

摘要

性别不平等是世界上大多数国家的热门话题。但是，有时关于风险和威胁的讨论要比实际情况更具戏剧性。本文旨在测试选定州的性别差距，并考虑性别在创业活动中至关重要的假设。提出了回归和统计分析的方法，以访问主要假设并追踪性别指数和等级的动态。初步结果表明，性别会影响创业活动的水平。除政府支持计划外，社会文化因素也有重要影响。所有州的有效结果均表示所有分析州的TEA创业动机与女性/男性比例之间呈正相关和相关性。我们可以得出结论，在该州（即波兰）从事创业活动的男女比例的变化将影响企业创新水平。例如，当波兰企业家的性别结构向与男性相比，女性人数发生变化时，产品和服务的创新水平将提高，反之亦然。