The interdisciplinary project “Between Land and Sea” combines geological, geomorphological and paleo-environmental approaches to identify archaeological remains of the Chekka region (Lebanon). In order to record the topography of this area, the first ever scientific airborne LiDAR data acquisition in Lebanon was conducted in autumn 2018. This work describes not only the acquisition and processing of the LiDAR data, but also the attempt to derive possible archaeological sites from the generated elevation model based on methods for spatial analysis. Using an “inverted mound” (iMound) algorithm, areas of possible settlement structures could be identified, which were classified regarding their probability of a possible ancient site using a deductive predictive model. A preliminary validation of some of the detected favoured areas using high-resolution aerial images has shown that the methods applied can provide hints to previously undiscovered sites. It was possible to identify probable ancient wall remains at several detected locations. In addition, least-cost path analyses were performed to reconstruct possible trade and transport routes from the Lebanon Mountains to the Mediterranean coast. The combination of the results of the iMound detection and classification as well as the calculated path system could point to the strategic location of the modern village of Kfar Hazir as a kind of traffic junction. Moreover, reconstructed main transport routes provide indications of heavily frequented roads and may form the basis for further investigations. To validate the results, upcoming field surveys will be realized on site.

中文翻译：

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陆地和海洋之间：机载LiDAR实地调查，使用空间分析来检测Chekka地区/黎巴嫩的古代遗址

跨学科项目“陆地与海洋之间”结合了地质，地貌学和古环境方法，以识别车卡地区（黎巴嫩）的考古遗迹。为了记录该地区的地形，于2018年秋季在黎巴嫩进行了首次科学的机载LiDAR数据采集。该工作不仅描述了LiDAR数据的采集和处理，还描述了从中获取可能的考古遗址的尝试。根据空间分析方法生成的高程模型。使用“倒丘”（iMound）算法，可以识别可能的定居结构区域，并使用演绎预测模型对它们可能成为古老遗址的可能性进行分类。使用高分辨率的航空影像对某些探测到的偏爱区域进行的初步验证表明，所采用的方法可以为以前未发现的地点提供提示。可以在几个检测到的位置识别出可能的古城墙遗迹。此外，还进行了成本最低的路径分析，以重建从黎巴嫩山脉到地中海沿岸的可能贸易和运输路线。iMound检测和分类的结果以及计算出的路径系统的结合，可以指出现代村庄Kfar Hazir的战略位置，将其作为一种交通枢纽。此外，重建的主要运输路线提供了道路频繁使用的迹象，并可能为进一步调查奠定基础。为了验证结果，