Abstract:

Politically and socially, a first laïque experience emerged in a concrete and unprecedented way and in a unique territorial and revolutionary space: the Commune de Paris, from 18 March to 28 May 1871, more than ten years before the Ferry and Goblet laws marked the first official legislative institutionalization of education. The Commune's original and radical emergence of laïcité, both academically and through the separation of Church and State decreed on 2 April 1871, in a common and inseparable movement, is often overlooked in studies that focused on the history of laïque education. This paper focuses on this unprecedented collective creative movement, and especially on its philosophical significance. It demonstrates how this new revolutionary school and republican space contribute precisely to an alternative conception of laïcité – a laïcité of emancipation, based on the struggle against all forms of clerical domination, that is called séparation. (In French)

摘要：

在政治上和社会上，最初的莱奎尔经历以一种前所未有的具体和空前的方式出现在一个独特的领土和革命空间：1871年3月18日至5月28日，巴黎公社，比《渡轮和高脚杯法案》更早官方立法教育制度化。公理在学术上以及通过1871年4月2日教会和国家法令的分离以及在一个共同而密不可分的运动中，laïcité的原始而激进的出现，在侧重于laïque历史的研究中常常被忽略了。教育。本文关注于这一前所未有的集体创造运动，尤其是其哲学意义。它表明这个新的革命派和共和党空间如何精确有助于替代概念政教分离-一个政教分离解放的基础上，反对各种形式的文职统治，被称为斗争分离。（法文）