Abstract:

James Wright’s final two poetry collections, To A Blossoming Pear Tree (1977) and This Journey (1980), both describe a poetic transcending of borders that infuses the present with the past within the body of the literary traveler. What Wright accomplishes with his poetic border crossings is to radically redefine the humanity’s relationship with the world it occupies. In his later work, Wright muddles the boundaries between human emotion and place not because of an emotional catharsis at the end of his career, nor necessarily as an indication of the land as his poetic motivation. Instead, Wright indicates instead that the human is inseparable from the other-than-human, and that social division and cruelty within human society are a microcosm of the anthropocentric violence humans commit and summarily disavow.

Wright’s poems ask readers to cross the anthropocentric divide that dominates Euro-American epistemology and to examine and recognize the points of contact–literary and physical–that suggest another language is being spoken by the other-than-human world. Wright’s journey through Italy opened up a geographic and cultural distance from Ohio, enabling him to collapse the temporal divide between his past and present in “The Journey”. In that moment, Wright locates the “heart of the light / shelled and leaved” (Wright 338) as he overlays the Ohio of his memory onto the topography of Italy. Wright, from the mobile position of the traveler, enacts a Midwestern Gothic poetic that ultimately displays a life-affirming language that pushes against the violent human domination of the Anthropocene. Wright, as traveler-poet, articulates fractured human kinship as the product of constructed divides between the Earth and all its residents.

摘要：

詹姆斯·赖特（James Wright）的最后两首诗集，《朵朵梨树》（To A Blossoming Pear Tree，1977）和《旅途》（1980），都描述了一种诗意的边界的超越，在文学旅行者的身体中注入了过去和现在。赖特以富有诗意的过境方式完成的工作是从根本上重新定义人类与其所处世界的关系。赖特在后来的作品中，混淆了人类情感与场所之间的界限，这并不是因为他职业生涯结束时的情感宣泄，也不是因为他的诗意动机就表明了这片土地。相反，赖特相反地指出，人类与非人类密不可分，人类社会内部的社会分裂和残酷对待是人类所犯下的人类为中心的暴力行为的缩影。

赖特的诗要求读者跨越支配欧美认识论的以人类为中心的鸿沟，并研究和认识文学和物理上的交往点，这暗示着人类以外的世界正在使用另一种语言。赖特（Wright）穿越意大利的旅程与俄亥俄州之间形成了地理上和文化上的距离，使他能够打破《旅程》中过去和现在之间的时间鸿沟。在那一刻，赖特将“记忆的心脏/被炮弹和叶子”定位（怀特338），因为他将记忆的俄亥俄覆盖到了意大利的地形上。莱特（Wright）从旅行者的活动位置出发，创作了中西部哥特式诗人，该诗人最终展示了一种能肯定生命的语言，以反对人类对人类世的暴力统治。莱特，作为旅行者诗人，