Joseph Conrad studiously introduced the living, unmediated, stammering, wheezing, and grunting voice into the written text. But how do you record the living voice in verbal format? Reading across the entirety of Conrad's fiction, I attempt the first systematic analysis of all of Conrad's seemingly unsystematic interjections and non-lexical expressions, such as the Brrroum, Pinnnng and Phooooo. The aim is to show that these prolific and seemingly trivial noise-effects are signature markers of Conrad's idiolect, and that they play a significant role in characterization, and the development of direct speech and interior monologues.

约瑟夫·康拉德（Joseph Conrad）巧妙地将活泼，无中介，结结巴巴，喘息和咕gr的声音引入了书面文本。但是，您如何以口头形式录制生动的声音呢？在阅读康拉德小说的全部内容时，我尝试对康拉德所有看似非系统的感叹词和非词汇表述（例如Brrroum，Pinnnng和Phooooo）进行首次系统分析。目的是要证明这些多产的，看似微不足道的噪声效应是康拉德的idiolect的标志性标记，并且它们在表征以及直接语音和内部独白的发展中起着重要作用。