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Exile and Return?: Gdańsk in the Aftermath of the Teutonic Order’s Actions in Pomerelia during the First Half of the Fourteenth Century
East Central Europe ( IF 0.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-11 , DOI: 10.30965/18763308-04701004
Błażej Śliwiński 1 , Beata Możejko 2
Affiliation  

After the Teutonic Knights successfully broke through Gdańsk’s defenses on 12/13 November 1308, they set about massacring not only those knights who supported the rule of the margraves and Brandenburg, but also Gdańsk’s burghers. In 1310, Pope Clement v set up a special commission to investigate whether it was true that the Teutonic Knights had killed more than ten thousand people in Gdańsk. The Teutonic procurator, in response to allegations of slaughter, argued that Gdańsk was harboring thieves who were causing great damage to the Order. After the massacre, it was claimed that the burghers who survived were asked several times to expel the lawbreakers, and were threatened with the destruction of the town if they failed to do so. Fearing for their lives, the burghers handed over fifteen criminals to the Teutonic Knights, and left the town to go and live elsewhere, their abandoned houses falling into ruin. Though it is unknown what happened to the exiled burghers who survived the massacre in Gdańsk, it is likely that they took refuge in other German cities, possibly Lübeck. For over ten years historical records make no mention of life in Gdańsk or of its burghers, until 1327, when it is noted once again as a thriving city. There is little doubt that its favorable location—on the Baltic coast—ensured its revival. The resurrected city was founded next to the one destroyed in 1308.



中文翻译:

流亡与回归?:十四世纪上半叶条顿骑士团在波梅里亚的行动之后的格但斯克

条顿人骑士团在1308年11月12日至13日成功突破格但斯克的防御之后,他们不仅屠杀了支持玛格丽夫和勃兰登堡统治的骑士,而且屠杀了格但斯克的小偷。1310年,教皇克莱门特诉五世成立了一个特别委员会,调查条顿骑士团是否真的在格但斯克杀死了1万多人。条顿人检察官在回应有关屠杀的指控时辩称,格但斯克藏有盗贼,这些盗贼对骑士团造成了严重破坏。大屠杀后,据称幸存的汉堡客被要求多次驱逐违法者,如果不这样做,将面临城镇毁灭的威胁。出于对生命的恐惧,这些军人将十五名罪犯移交给条顿骑士团,并离开城镇前往其他地方居住,他们的废弃房屋陷入废墟。尽管尚不清楚在格但斯克大屠杀中幸存的流亡汉堡发生了什么事,但他们很可能避难于其他德国城市,也许是吕贝克。十多年来,历史记录一直未提及格但斯克或其居民的生活,直到1327年,这座城市再次被称为繁荣的城市。毫无疑问,它在波罗的海沿岸的有利地理位置确保了它的复兴。这座复活的城市是在1308年被摧毁的城市旁边建立的。

更新日期:2020-04-11
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