This essay is about “knowing limits,” both in the sense of acknowledging the inevitable perspectival limits of our knowledge, and in the sense in which the act of knowing delimits the parameters of that which is known. Moreover, it aims to cultivate a versatile perspectivism that is ethically oriented by a capacity for ecstatic empathy rather than an egocentric will to power. The essay begins with an examination of the mind/body problem as a paradigmatic case of perspectival ambiguity, making reference to a wide range of authors. The focus of the central sections of the essay is on Nietzsche and Heidegger, while the final sections are devoted to developing a phenomenological reading of Zhuangzi and Zen. At issue throughout is the articulation of a versatile perspectivism responsive to both the demarcative and disclosive senses of knowing limits.

本文既从承认我们知识不可避免的透视范围的意义上，也从“了解行为界定了已知知识的参数”的意义上说，是关于“知道极限”的知识。此外，它的目的是培养一种多才多艺的透视主义，这种透视主义在道德上要以狂喜的移情能力而不是以自我为中心的权力意志为导向。本文从对心理/身体问题的考察作为透视模糊性的典型案例开始，并参考了许多作者。本文主要部分的重点是尼采和海德格尔，而最后部分则致力于发展对庄子和禅宗的现象学解读。始终存在的问题是，一种通用的透视主义的表达方式，它对已知界限的分界和公开意义都做出了回应。