At the end of his treatise On Piety, Philodemus systematically criticizes Stoic theology, employing an excursus on Diagoras as part of his critique. Arguing against Diagoras’ detractors, Philodemus, relying on a testimonium by Aristoxenus, claims that, in his poetic writings, Diagoras did not commit any act of impiety. On the contrary, he argues that, despite their practice of calling the gods by name in their treatises, the Stoics ended up destroying the gods more radically than ‘atheists’ like Philippus and others. This paper attempts to shed new light on this Herculanean testimonium to Diagoras and, above all, suggests a solution for identifying the otherwise unknown figure of Philippus ‘the Atheist’.

在他的论文的结尾对孝道，菲洛迪默斯系统地批判斯多葛神学，采用的附记上得岛作为他的批评的一部分。Philodemus反对Diagoras的贬低者，他依靠Aristoxenus的证词声称，在其诗歌创作中，Diagoras没有犯下任何亵渎行为。相反，他辩称，尽管他们习惯于在论文中称呼诸神，但与菲利普斯等人之类的“无神论者”相比，斯多葛主义者最终彻底摧毁了诸神。本文试图为戴高乐这个赫库兰人的证词提供新的启示，并且最重要的是，提出了一种解决方案，用于识别菲利普斯“无神论者”的其他未知人物。