Spanish Philosopher José Ortega y Gasset advanced a number of strong criticisms of American pragmatism, yet some pragmatist notions can also be detected in his own philosophy. Within Ortega’s pragmatist perspectivism one can locate the possibility of overcoming one of the principal perceived problems of pragmatism: namely, its tendency toward relativism. This paper focuses on the ways in which Ortega’s discussion of pragmatism pertains to history and historiography. Ortega’s position that history is written from a select number of perspectives is congenial to pragmatist pluralism. What is recorded and continues to thrive in the annals of history is, within a pragmatist framework, whatever continues to be interesting, relevant, useful, and meaningful because it makes a difference – from and for these perspectives. The more of these perspectives we study, the closer we approach what, on Ortega’s view, constitutes the “eternal truth which every period has lived,” because materials initially gathered and framed for pragmatic reasons can later on provide important opportunities for the reflexive analysis of historical knowledge.

西班牙哲学家若泽·奥尔特加·加塞特（JoséOrtega y Gasset）提出了许多对美国实用主义的强烈批评，但在他自己的哲学中也可以发现一些实用主义的观念。在奥尔特加的实用主义视角学中，可以找到克服实用主义的主要感知问题之一的可能性：即实用主义的相对主义倾向。本文重点讨论奥尔特加关于实用主义的讨论与历史和史学有关的方式。奥尔特加的观点是从多种角度撰写历史，这对实用主义多元主义是有益的。在实用主义的框架内，记录下来并继续蓬勃发展的是在实用主义框架内，无论是有趣的，有意义的，有用的和有意义的，因为它们在这些方面以及从这些角度来看都产生了变化。