Brazilian and US American children were compared for differences in tolerance and punishment expectancy. We hypothesized that participants would be less tolerant and more punishing of moral than conventional violations; tolerance and punishment expectancy would relate with age; Brazilians would tolerate less and expect more punishment than US Americans; and social domain would moderate effects of age and nationality. The sample had 129 matched children from Brazil and the USA. Moral/conventional-violation vignettes were used. Mixed-model GLMs suggested that children were less tolerant and more punishing of moral than social-conventional violations. Age effects were significant for tolerance. Brazilians scored lower on tolerance and higher on punishment expectancy than US Americans; they also differentiated less between violation domains than US Americans. These and other results suggest that Brazilians tolerate less but expect more punishment for violations than US Americans. Discussion is based on cultural and socio-historical differences between the two nations.

比较了巴西和美国儿童在宽容和预期惩罚方面的差异。我们假设，与传统的侵权行为相比，参与者对道德的容忍度更低，而对道德的惩罚更多；宽容和惩罚预期与年龄有关；与美国美国人相比，巴西人容忍度更低，期望得到更多的惩罚。而社会领域将适度影响年龄和国籍。样本中有129名来自巴西和美国的匹配儿童。使用了道德/常规违规小插曲。混合模型GLMs认为，与社会常规侵犯行为相比，儿童对宽容的容忍度较低，对道德的惩罚程度更高。年龄效应对耐受性具有重要意义。与美国美国人相比，巴西人的宽容度较低，而预期刑罚则较高。他们在违规域之间的区别也比美国美国人少。这些和其他结果表明，巴西人比美国人容忍更少，但期望对违法行为的惩罚更多。讨论基于两国之间的文化和社会历史差异。