The middle reaches of the Nile River play a key role in the current models about the diffusion of modern Humans out of Africa, nevertheless the Early and the Middle Stone Age (Early Palaeolithic and Middle Palaeolithic) in central Sudan are poorly known. On-going investigation at al-Jamrab (White Nile region) highlights the archaeological potential of the central Sudan and illustrates the importance of an integrated approach combining archaeological excavation and palaeoenvironmental reconstruction for understanding cultural site formation and post-depositional dynamics. The stratigraphic sequence at al-Jamrab includes a thick cultural layer rich in Early and Middle Stone Age artefacts, preserved in a deeply weathered palaeosol developed on fluvial sediments. The cultural layer includes a two-fold human occupation covering the Middle Stone Age, with Acheulean and Sangoan bifacial artefacts, although an Early Stone Age/Middle Stone Age transitional phase cannot be excluded. The artefact-bearing unit is attributed to the Upper Pleistocene based on preliminary OSL dating, the local palaeoenvironmental context, and strong pedogenetic weathering. Considering the paucity of archaeological data for the Pleistocene of Sudan and the importance of this region in the study of human dispersal out of Africa, this preliminary work on a new site and its associated stratigraphic context provides insights into the early peopling of Sudan and adds one more tessera to the Eastern Africa picture.

尼罗河中游在现代人类从非洲扩散的当前模型中起着关键作用，尽管如此，苏丹中部的早期和中石器时代（早期旧石器时代和中旧石器时代）却鲜为人知。al-Jamrab（白尼罗河地区）正在进行的调查凸显了苏丹中部的考古潜力，并说明了结合考古发掘和古环境重建的综合方法对于理解文化遗址形成和沉积后动力学的重要性。al-Jamrab的地层序列包括厚厚的文化层，富含早期和中石器时代的文物，保存在河流沉积物上深深风化的古土壤中。文化层面包括涵盖中石器时代的两项人类职业，尽管不能排除早期石器时代/中石器时代的过渡阶段，但具有Acheulean和Sangoan的两面人工制品。伪像单位归因于初步更新世的上更新世OSL测年，当地古环境背景和强烈的成岩风化作用。考虑到苏丹更新世的考古数据少，以及该地区在人类向非洲外扩散的研究中的重要性，这项在新地点及其相关地层背景下的初步工作为苏丹的早期人种化提供了见识，并增加了一个更多有关东部非洲的tessera图片。