Iran-Russia relations are highly affected by the shared interest of the two countries in confronting the influence of the United States in the Middle East, Central Asia and the Caucasus. However, the development of the relationship between the two countries has been hampered by the ongoing legacy of historical antagonism between them, casting doubt and pessimism upon the prospect of more constructive bilateral relations. Two groups of internal and external factors are the main obstacles to the expansion of cooperation between Iran and Russia. First, the lack of economic overlap or affiliation between Iran’s dependent economy and Russia's energy exports, and the state-based nature of both economies, as well as their cultural and social differences. Second, despite the Nuclear Deal, the difficulties in relations between the West, Russia and Iran remain a barrier to the expansion of Iran-Russia cooperation.

两国在对抗美国在中东，中亚和高加索地区的影响方面的共同利益，使伊俄关系受到极大影响。但是，两国关系的持续发展阻碍了两国关系的发展，使人们对建设性双边关系的前景产生了怀疑和悲观情绪。两组内部和外部因素是扩大伊俄合作的主要障碍。首先，伊朗的依赖经济与俄罗斯的能源出口之间缺乏经济重叠或隶属关系，这两个经济体的国家性质以及它们的文化和社会差异。第二，尽管有核协议，但西方之间的关系困难重重，