This paper develops an account of metaphor and its cognitive value. The motivation for this account lies in two considerations: 1) there is a problem, the proposition problem, that plagues many accounts of metaphor and its cognitive value, and 2) a recent criticism of Grice’s program and its semantic-pragmatic distinction by Lepore and Stone (2015) is grounded on the assumption that its account of metaphor is saddled with the proposition problem. Thus there is a need for an account of metaphor that explains its cognitive value without raising the proposition problem, and if successful, we also remove a criticism of Grice’s program. The proposed account of metaphor is one according to which, in uttering a metaphor, the speaker conversationally implicates a metaphorical perspective. This account of metaphor’s cognitive value is grounded in an understanding of metaphorical perspective as itself non-propositional.

本文对隐喻及其认知价值进行了阐述。这种解释的动机来自两个方面的考虑：1）存在一个问题，即命题问题，困扰着许多隐喻及其认知价值的解释，以及2）Lepore和他最近对Grice程序及其语义-语用区分的批评。斯通（Stone，2015）基于这样一个假设，即它对隐喻的阐述与命题问题背道而驰。因此，有必要在不提出命题问题的情况下解释隐喻的认知价值，并且如果成功的话，我们还将消除对格赖斯程序的批评。提出的隐喻说明是这样一种说法，据此讲者在说出一个隐喻时，会在对话中暗示一个隐喻的观点。