The goal of this paper is to help develop a general picture of conversational implicature (Grice, 1975) by looking beyond scalar implicature to see how the phenomenon behaves in a general sense. I focus on non-scalar Quantity implicatures and Manner implicatures. I review canonical examples of Manner implicature, as well as a more recent, productive one involving gradable adjective antonym pairs (Rett, 2015). Based on these data, I argue that Manner implicatures—and conversational implicatures generally—are distinguishable primarily by their calculability; their reinforceability; their discourse sensitivity (to the Question Under Discussion; Roberts, 1990; van Kuppevelt, 1995; Simons et al., 2011); and their embeddability (under negation, propositional attitude verbs, quantifiers, etc.). I use these data to draw conclusions about the usefulness of implicature-specific operators and about ways to compositionally represent conversational implicatures.

本文的目的是通过超越标量含义来了解现象在一般意义上的行为，从而有助于发展对会话含义的一般理解（Grice，1975）。我专注于非标量数量含义和方式含义。我回顾了Manner隐含的典范示例，以及涉及可分级形容词反义词对的最近的富有成果的示例（Rett，2015年）。基于这些数据，我认为，礼貌暗示和一般的对话暗示可以通过可计算性进行区分。它们的可加固性；他们对话语的敏感性（对“正在讨论的问题”； Roberts，1990； van Kuppevelt，1995； Simons等人，2011）；以及它们的可嵌入性（否定，命题态度动词，量词等）。