The International Health Regulations (ihr), of which the World Health Organization is custodian, govern how countries collectively promote global health security, including prevention, detection, and response to global health emergencies such as the ongoing covid-19 pandemic. Countries are permitted to exercise their sovereignty in taking additional health measures to respond to such emergencies if these measures adhere to Article 43 of this legally binding instrument. Overbroad measures taken during recent public health emergencies of international concern, however, reveal that the provision remains inadequately understood. A shared understanding of the measures legally permitted by Article 43 is a necessary step in ensuring the fulfillment of obligations, and fostering global solidarity and resilience in the face of future pandemics. In this consensus statement, public international law scholars specializing in global health consider the legal meaning of Article 43 using the interpretive framework of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties.

由世界卫生组织保管的《国际卫生条例》 ( ihr ) 管理各国如何共同促进全球卫生安全，包括预防、发现和应对全球卫生紧急情况，例如持续的新冠肺炎疫情-19 大流行。如果这些措施符合本具有法律约束力的文书第 43 条，则允许各国行使其主权，采取额外的卫生措施来应对此类紧急情况。然而，在最近国际关注的突发公共卫生事件中采取的过于宽泛的措施表明，对该条款的理解仍然不够充分。对第 43 条在法律上允许的措施的共同理解是确保履行义务、促进全球团结和应对未来大流行病的复原力的必要步骤。在这份共识声明中，专门研究全球卫生的国际公法学者使用《维也纳条约法公约》的解释框架来考虑第 43 条的法律含义。