From its inception, the Jewish community in Livorno enjoyed a unique status, encouraging former conversos to settle there. In Livorno they could live openly as Jews. Thus, it is most interesting to study their attitude to their cultural heritage, according to the wills left by several of the Sephardi community’s prominent members. A linguistic analysis of phrases used by three testators is particularly revealing in assessing their positions regarding Judaism. Their words reflect anxiety and determination: a realization of hardships encountered by New Christians on their way to Judaism, and a further realization that only few will adhere to it.

中文翻译：

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“她有他们要参加犹太教”：十七世纪里窝那的犹太遗嘱中的传统和犹太亲和力

从成立之日起，里窝那的犹太社区就享有独特的地位，鼓励以前的对话者定居于此。在里窝那，他们可以像犹太人一样公开生活。因此，根据塞帕尔迪社区几位知名人士留下的遗嘱，研究他们对文化遗产的态度是最有趣的。对三个测试者所用短语的语言学分析在评估他们对犹太教的立场时尤其显着。他们的话反映了焦虑和决心：认识到新基督徒在进入犹太教途中遇到的困难，并进一步意识到只有极少数人会坚持下去。