This article is a work of theory that establishes a fundamental mental basis for the diversity of worldviews that underlie every seemingly unsolvable conflict between nations, political parties, organizations, and individuals. The four-part typology postulated here is found, with different labels, throughout the history of human philosophy and underscores four basic worldviews people use to view their understanding of, and relationship with, the world. These four types fundamentally underlie cultural values and beliefs. Understanding this fundamental fact about human mentality will illuminate why persistent conflicts around the world are seemingly unsolvable and why populations can become so deeply polarized that political repression or civil war can come to seem to be a rationally conceivable way to rectify the situation.

本文是一项理论工作，为世界观的多样性建立了基本的心理基础，世界观是国家，政党，组织和个人之间似乎无法解决的一切冲突的基础。在人类哲学的整个历史中，发现了这里假设的四部分类型学，带有不同的标签，强调了人们用来查看对世界的理解和与世界的关系的四种基本世界观。这四种类型从根本上构成了文化价值观和信仰。理解有关人类心理的这一基本事实将阐明为什么世界范围内持续存在的冲突似乎无法解决，以及为什么人们会变得两极分化，以至于政治镇压或内战似乎已成为纠正局势的一种合理可行的方式。