The unconventional model presented herein—Laws of Supplies and Demands— furnishes a view of the discipline of economics as both a social science and a physical science. This essay begins with Big History origins of Earthly mineral foundations upon which the Stone Age, Bronze Age, Iron Age, and today’s Computer Age were based, according to prominent geologist Walter Alvarez. Alvarez argues persuasively that geographical concentrations of specific productive inputs across Earth have been essential prerequisites for existence of all economic ages. This essay complements Alvarez’s focus upon economic inputs by extending consideration to geographical concentrations of economic outputs (goods). Mechanisms that explain concentrations of final goods in specific geographical locations across Earth comprise the core of the Laws of Supplies and Demands model. The flows-only orientation of conventional microeconomics (Laws of Supply and Demand) and conventional macroeconomics—both of which limit attention to time-dimensioned variables such as incomes and expenditures—is broadened to incorporate accumulations: wealth components (point-in-time-snapshots). By definition, services cannot be stocked, whereas goods accumulate as wealth components. The Laws of Supplies and Demands provide theoretical underpinnings for widespread interest today in empirical social science investigations of wealth accumulations and wealth distributions.

本文介绍的非常规模型（供需规律）提供了对经济学学科（既是社会科学又是物理科学）的看法。根据著名地质学家沃尔特·阿尔瓦雷斯（Walter Alvarez）的说法，本文始于地球矿物基础的大历史渊源，石器时代，青铜器时代，铁器时代和当今的计算机时代都以此为基础。阿尔瓦雷斯有说服力地指出，地球上特定生产性投入的地理集中度是所有经济时代存在的必要先决条件。通过扩展对经济产出（货物）的地理集中度的考虑，本文补充了阿尔瓦雷斯对经济投入的关注。解释最终产品在地球上特定地理位置的集中度的机制，构成了供求法则模型的核心。常规微观经济学（供需法则）和常规宏观经济学（仅将注意力集中在时空变量，如收入和支出上）的仅以流量为导向的范围已扩大，以纳入积累：财富组成部分（时间点）快照）。根据定义，服务不能库存，而货物则作为财富的一部分积累。供求法则为当今对财富积累和财富分配进行的经验社会科学研究提供了广泛的理论基础。财富组成部分（时间点快照）。根据定义，服务不能库存，而货物则作为财富的一部分积累。供求法则为当今对财富积累和财富分配进行的经验社会科学研究提供了广泛的理论基础。财富组成部分（时间点快照）。根据定义，服务不能库存，而货物则作为财富的一部分积累。供求定律为当今对财富积累和财富分配进行的经验社会科学研究提供了广泛的理论基础。