As part of a study to determine the origin of oil and gas in the Berea Sandstone in northeastern Kentucky and southeastern Ohio, 158 samples of organic-rich shale from the Upper Devonian Olentangy and Ohio Shales and the Lower Mississippian Sunbury Shale, collectively referred to as the “black shale,” were collected and analyzed from 12 cores. The samples were analyzed for total organic carbon (TOC) content, organic petrography, and programmed pyrolysis. Previously acquired analytical data for 11 samples from 2 additional wells in eastern Kentucky were also used.Most of the samples were organic rich (>5 wt. % TOC), high in sulfur (>2.0 wt. %), and dominated by liptinite macerals. The vitrinite reflectance (VRo) and equivalent vitrinite reflectance (VReq) values, calculated from bitumen reflectance (BRo) measurements, were found to be in close agreement. The calculated reflectance values from programmed pyrolysis temperature at which the maximum release of hydrocarbons occurs (Tmax) showed better agreement with measured VRo after Tmax was corrected for excessive hydrogen index values for several samples. Thermal maturation parameters were found to increase in a northwest–southeast direction, paralleling an increase in black shale thickness and depth of burial. The thermal maturity proxies indicate the northwestern part of the study area to be more thermally mature than previously indicated. Geochemical and biomarker data from Berea oils indicate migration of oil from more thermally mature to less thermally mature areas. As such, the occurrence of petroleum liquids in the Berea Sandstone cannot be predicted directly from conventional thermal maturity proxies (Tmax, VRo, and BRo) because these methods do not account for migrated petroleum.

中文翻译：

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肯塔基州东部和俄亥俄州东南部的Sunbury和俄亥俄页岩的有机岩石学和地球化学

作为确定肯塔基州东北部和俄亥俄州东南部Berea砂岩中石油和天然气来源的一项研究的一部分，来自上泥盆统Olentangy和俄亥俄州页岩以及下密西西比州Sunbury页岩的158个富含有机质的页岩样品被统称为收集并分析了12个岩心中的“黑色页岩”。分析样品的总有机碳（TOC）含量，有机岩相学和程序热解。还使用了先前从肯塔基州东部的另外2口井中获得的11个样品的分析数据，其中大多数样品富含有机物（TOC> 5 wt。％），高硫（> 2.0 wt。％）且由锂质矿物组成。根据沥青反射率（BRo）测量结果计算得出的镜质反射率（VRo）和等效镜质反射率（VReq）值，被发现是非常一致的。在针对几个样品的过量氢指数值校正了Tmax后，根据程序规定的热解温度计算出的反射率值与发生最大碳氢化合物释放量（Tmax）时显示出与测得的VRo更好的一致性。发现热成熟参数沿西北-东南方向增加，与黑页岩厚度和埋藏深度增加平行。热成熟度代理表明研究区域的西北部比先前指示的要热成熟。来自Berea油的地球化学和生物标记数据表明，油从较热成熟的地区向较不热成熟的地区迁移。因此，