This article introduces the principle of aeroengine gas path electrostatic monitoring and establishes a mathematical model of aeroengine gas path debris electrostatic sensor. In this study, we simulate particle’s movement based on the established model and perform numerical analysis of the induced charge pulse waveform. The simulation results show the quantitative relationship among particle’s charge amount, velocity, and pulse waveform’s features, and obtain the qualitative relationship between particle’s spatial position and pulse waveform’s features. A test rig is designed to verify the correctness of the mathematical model. A measurement mode based on dual-channel sensors has been proposed, and corresponding signal processing methods are used to calculate the velocity of the particle and reconstruct the charge pulse waveform from the measured voltage signal. The conclusions of this study not only avoid the shortcomings of traditional signal processing methods that directly use the measured voltage signal but also have important significance for improving the electrostatic monitoring capability.

介绍了航空发动机气路静电监测的原理，建立了航空发动机气路碎片静电传感器的数学模型。在这项研究中，我们基于已建立的模型模拟粒子的运动，并对感应电荷脉冲波形进行数值分析。仿真结果表明了粒子电荷量，速度和脉搏波形特征之间的定量关系，并获得了粒子空间位置与脉搏波形特征之间的定性关系。设计了一个测试设备来验证数学模型的正确性。提出了基于双通道传感器的测量模式，然后采用相应的信号处理方法来计算粒子的速度，并根据测得的电压信号重建电荷脉冲波形。本研究的结论不仅避免了传统的直接使用被测电压信号的信号处理方法的缺点，而且对提高静电监测能力具有重要意义。