Heating a solid material with laser-accelerated fast electrons is a particularly useful method for generating a plane powerful shock wave with a pressure of several hundred or even thousands of Mbar in the laboratory. Behind the front of such a powerful shock wave, dense plasma is heated to a temperature of several keV. Then, a high rate of radiation energy loss occurs even in low-Z plasmas. In this paper, the strong compression of matter due to radiation cooling in a Gbar shock wave driven by fast electrons is studied using both computational and theoretical approaches. It is shown that the effect of radiation cooling leads to compression of matter in the peripheral region of the shock wave to a density several times greater than the density at its front. Heating a solid material by a petawatt flux of laser-accelerated fast electrons offers the opportunity to surpass the gigabar pressure level of plane shock waves generated by the impact of laser-accelerated pellets. Higher pressures of about 100 Gbar can be achieved under laboratory conditions only when a spherical target is imploded under the action of a terawatt laser pulse.

中文翻译：

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激光加速的快电子驱动的千兆级冲击波中的辐射冷却效应导致的极端物质压缩

在实验室中，用激光加速的快电子加热固体材料是一种特别有用的方法，可以在数百甚至数千Mbar的压力下产生平面强大的冲击波。在如此强大的冲击波的前部，密集的等离子体被加热到几keV的温度。然后，即使在低Z情况下，也会发生很高的辐射能量损失率血浆。在本文中，利用计算和理论方法研究了由快速电子驱动的Gbar冲击波中辐射冷却引起的物质的强压缩。结果表明，辐射冷却的作用导致物质在冲击波的外围区域中被压缩为密度，其密度是其前部密度的几倍。通过激光加速的快速电子的PB功率通量加热固体材料，提供了超过由激光加速的颗粒撞击产生的平面冲击波的千兆压力水平的机会。仅当在太瓦激光脉冲的作用下将球形靶撞击到实验室条件下时，才能在实验室条件下达到约100 Gbar的较高压力。