Abstract

Most national symbols – the flag, the coat of arms, the anthem, the pantheon of historical figures – belong to the common symbolic space. However, there are also those which divide the society: controversial figures or historical events which are difficult to assess and vulnerable to contradictory interpretations. In Poland, one case in point are the Cursed Soldiers. This paper discusses a specific mode of patriotism of football fans influenced by the figures of Cursed Soldiers. The first part provides a theoretical frame for further arguments. The second draws the relation between Polish football fans and nationalism. The third introduces the figure of Cursed Soldiers: their history, political context and social perceptions. The fourth part analyses fans’ guerrilla patriotism. It revolves around performative content produced within football fandom, mainly by ultras groups. The article concludes with a discussion of specifics and universals of the proposed model of guerrilla patriotism.

摘要

大多数国家象征——国旗、国徽、国歌、历史人物的万神殿——都属于共同的象征空间。然而，也有分裂社会的因素：有争议的人物或历史事件，难以评估且容易受到相互矛盾的解释。在波兰，一个典型的例子是被诅咒的士兵。本文探讨了受诅咒士兵形象影响的球迷爱国主义的具体模式。第一部分为进一步论证提供了理论框架。第二部分描绘了波兰球迷与民族主义之间的关系。第三部分介绍了被诅咒的士兵的形象：他们的历史、政治背景和社会观念。第四部分分析球迷的游击爱国主义. 它围绕着足球迷中产生的表演内容，主要是由极端团体产生的。文章最后讨论了所提议的游击爱国主义模式的细节和普遍性。