In everyday life, we mainly solve problems with a conscious solution search (non-insight). However, sometimes a perplexing problem is resolved by a quantum leap in understanding. This phenomenon is known as the Aha! experience (insight). Although insight has a distinct phenomenological and behavioral signature, its driving mechanism remains debated. Weisberg (2015) proposed an integrated theory of insight arguing that insight, like non-insight, mainly depends on conscious, cognitive operations with restructuring as a distinguishing feature of insight. However, only if those operations lead to an impasse, insight is achieved through unconscious processes. We assessed some of the premises of this theory by asking participants (N = 42) to solve 70 word puzzles (CRAT) that can either be solved with insight or non-insight. For each puzzle, participants indicated word puzzle difficulty, solution confidence, solution suddenness, and the experiences of impasse and restructuring. As expected, participants reported higher suddenness of and confidence in insight solutions than non-insightful ones. Surprisingly, we could not corroborate the otherwise consistently reported higher solution accuracy and faster solution speed for insight. Crucially, as suggested by the integrated theory of insight, impasse was not a prerequisite for insight to occur. Although restructuring, indeed, preceded insight solutions more often, it seemed a more general problem-solving skill also applied for non-insight solutions. Moreover, early on, participants reported an increased experience of problem difficulty for puzzles later solved with insight. This ability to report on the solution search of insight demonstrates that, as proposed by the theory, insight involves conscious, cognitive operations.

在日常生活中，我们主要通过有意识的解决方案搜索（非洞察力）来解决问题。然而，有时一个令人困惑的问题可以通过理解上的巨大飞跃来解决。这种现象被称为啊哈！经验（洞察力）。尽管洞察力具有独特的现象学和行为特征，但其驱动机制仍存在争议。Weisberg (2015) 提出了一种综合的洞察力理论，认为洞察力与非洞察力一样，主要依赖于有意识的认知操作，而重构是洞察力的一个显着特征。然而，只有当这些操作导致僵局时，洞察力才能通过无意识过程实现。我们通过询问参与者（N = 42) 解决 70 字谜题 (CRAT)，可以通过洞察力或非洞察力来解决。对于每个谜题，参与者都指出了单词谜题的难度、解决方案的信心、解决方案的突然性以及僵局和重组的经历。正如预期的那样，与非洞察力解决方案相比，参与者对洞察力解决方案的突然性和信心更高。令人惊讶的是，我们无法证实其他一致报告的更高的解决方案准确性和更快的洞察力解决方案速度。至关重要的是，正如洞察力的综合理论所暗示的那样，僵局不是洞察力发生的先决条件。虽然重组确实更常出现在洞察力解决方案之前，但它似乎是一种更普遍的解决问题的技能，也适用于非洞察力解决方案。此外，早期，参与者报告说，对于后来通过洞察力解决的难题，问题难度的体验增加了。这种报告洞察力的解决方案搜索的能力表明，正如理论所提出的那样，洞察力涉及有意识的认知操作。