World-class science requires inspiration, so how can we spark creativity in the modern university environment? Creativity does not come automatically: in the modern age, factors from electronic devices to time pressure can stifle creative thought. Yet, to solve the major problems of the future, it will be essential to stimulate creativity in scientific research and teaching. Here, we bring together insights from the literature to offer ways to cultivate creativity in universities. We advocate for creativity at all levels of university culture within which students are embedded, from the students themselves, to teachers, to researchers, and to administrators. We found that, for students, creativity can involve accepting creative coursework and understanding failure; for teachers, it can involve being active mentors and designing creative courses; for researchers, it can involve conscious effort to make room for creative thought within pressured workloads, and researching across disciplines; and for administrators, it can involve relaxing restraints, allowing autonomy over courses, and encouraging cross-disciplinary learning and research.

中文翻译：

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在科学教育中激发创造力

世界一流的科学需要灵感，那么我们如何才能在现代大学环境中激发创造力呢？创造力不会自动产生：在现代，从电子设备到时间压力的因素都会扼杀创造性思维。然而，要解决未来的重大问题，必须激发科研和教学的创造力。在这里，我们汇集了文献中的见解，以提供在大学培养创造力的方法。我们提倡在学生所融入的大学文化的各个层面上发挥创造力，从学生本身到教师、研究人员和管理人员。我们发现，对于学生来说，创造力可以包括接受创造性的课程和理解失败；对于教师来说，它可能涉及成为积极的导师和设计创意课程；对于研究人员来说，它可能需要有意识地努力在压力大的工作量中为创造性思维腾出空间，以及跨学科研究；对于管理人员来说，它可以包括放松限制、允许课程自主以及鼓励跨学科学习和研究。