Student involvement in peer aggression is assumed to include the uninvolved, victims, aggressors, and victim-aggressor groups. Yet, evidence supporting this four-group configuration is equivocal. Although most studies report the four groups, several of the aggressor groups could have been labeled as moderate victim-aggressors. This study first reviews studies identifying subgroups of students involved in verbal, relational, and physical aggression. The study then assesses students’ perceived involvement in elementary (n = 2,071; Grades 4–6) and secondary school (n = 1,832; Grades 7–10), as well as the associations with outcomes (school belonging, depressive thoughts, and perceived school violence). Latent profile analysis identified three profiles (uninvolved, victim-only, and victim-aggressor) across all grades and genders. In primary school, the uninvolved, victim, and victim-aggressor respectively included 54.56%, 37.51%, and 7.83% of the girls, and 44.23%, 31.92%, and 23.85% of the boys. In secondary school, the uninvolved, victim, and victim-aggressor respectively included 80.16%, 14.93% and 4.91% of the girls, and 64.31%, 22.95% and 12.74% of the boys. Victims and victim-aggressors reported poorer adjustment than uninvolved students. Victims and victim-aggressors reported lower levels of school belonging and higher levels of depressive thoughts than uninvolved students. Also, victim-aggressors perceived more violence in their school than victims and uninvolved students, and victims perceived more violence than uninvolved students. These findings question the existence of an aggressor-only profile, at least, according to student perception, suggesting the need for a new perspective when intervening with students involved in peer aggression.

假设学生参与同伴攻击包括未参与的、受害者、攻击者和受害者-攻击者群体。然而，支持这种四组配置的证据是模棱两可的。尽管大多数研究报告了这四个群体，但其中几个攻击者群体可能被标记为温和的受害者攻击者。这项研究首先回顾了确定参与口头、关系和身体攻击的学生亚组的研究。然后，该研究评估学生对小学（n  = 2,071；4-6 年级）和中学（n = 1,832; 7-10 年级），以及与结果的关联（学校归属感、抑郁思想和感知的校园暴力）。潜在档案分析确定了所有年级和性别的三个档案（未参与、仅受害者和受害者攻击者）。小学阶段，未受害、受害、施害分别占女生的54.56%、37.51%和7.83%，男生占44.23%、31.92%和23.85%。中学阶段，未受害、受害、施害者分别占女生的80.16%、14.93%和4.91%，男生占64.31%、22.95%和12.74%。受害者和受害者-攻击者报告说，他们的适应能力比不参与的学生更差。与未参与的学生相比，受害者和受害者攻击者报告的学校归属感较低，抑郁思想水平较高。还，与受害者和未参与的学生相比，受害者-攻击者在他们的学校中感知到的暴力更多，而受害者比未参与的学生感知到的暴力更多。至少根据学生的看法，这些发现质疑仅攻击者的存在，这表明在干预涉及同伴攻击的学生时需要新的视角。