In recent years, the methods of formal semantics and pragmatics have been fruitfully applied to the analysis of primate communication systems. Most analyses therein appeal to a division of labor between semantics and pragmatics which has the following three features: (F1) calls are given referential meanings (they provide information about the world rather than just about an action to be taken), (F2) some calls have a general meaning, and (F3) the meanings of calls in context are enriched by competition with more informative calls, along the lines of scalar implicatures. In this paper, we develop highly simplified models to independently assess the conditions under which such features would emerge. After identifying a sufficient condition for (F1), we find a range of conditions under which (F2) and (F3) are not evolutionarily stable, and discuss the consequences for both modeling and empirical work.

近年来，形式语义学和语用学方法已被有效地应用于灵长类通信系统的分析。其中的大多数分析都呼吁语义和语用之间的分工，具有以下三个特征：（F1）调用具有引用的含义（它们提供有关世界的信息，而不仅仅是提供要采取的行动），（F2）一些调用具有一般含义，并且（F3）上下文中的调用的含义随着具有标量含义的竞争而通过提供更多信息的调用而得以丰富。在本文中，我们开发了高度简化的模型来独立评估出现这些特征的条件。在确定了（F1）的充分条件后，我们发现了（F2）和（F3）在进化上不稳定的条件范围，