This study investigated whether swimming protocol induces adaptations to sex-specific oxidative stress and Nrf2/Keap-1 pathway in the liver of mice fed a high-calorie diet (HCD) during the early life period. Male and female Swiss mice were fed a standard or high-calorie (enriched with 20% lard and 20% corn syrup) diets, and the trained mice were subjected to a swimming protocol (5 days/week) from 21^st to 49^th postnatal days. Males fed a HCD had more pronounced alterations in all parameters evaluated than females. Although there was no increase in body weight, the fat deposition was higher in male mice exposed to diet. The intake of HCD induced dyslipidemia mainly in males. In a sex-dependent manner, the hepatic markers of oxidative damage, antioxidant defences, and a sensitive sulfhydryl protein were altered in mice fed a HCD. Swimming counteracted dyslipidemia, hepatic oxidative stress, and the Nrf2/Keap-1 signalling downregulation, in a sex-dependent manner, in mice exposed to a HCD. These findings demonstrate that a non-pharmacological therapy, swimming protocol, contributed to adaptations of sex-specific hepatic oxidative stress and Nrf2/Keap-1 regulation in male mice fed a HCD.

中文翻译：

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游泳训练减轻高热量饮食引起的性别特异性肝脏破坏：雄性小鼠 Nrf2/Keap-1 通路的推定调节

这项研究调查了游泳方案是否会诱导在生命早期喂食高热量饮食 (HCD) 的小鼠肝脏中对性别特异性氧化应激和 Nrf2/Keap-1 通路的适应。雄性和雌性Swiss小鼠饲喂标准或高热量的饮食（20％猪油和20％的玉米糖浆富集），并经训练的小鼠从21经受游泳协议（5天/周）^ST至49^个产后几天。与女性相比，喂食 HCD 的男性在所有评估参数方面的变化更为明显。虽然体重没有增加，但暴露于饮食的雄性小鼠的脂肪沉积更高。HCD 的摄入主要在男性中引起血脂异常。以一种性别依赖的方式，在喂食 HCD 的小鼠中，氧化损伤、抗氧化防御和敏感的巯基蛋白的肝脏标志物发生了改变。在暴露于 HCD 的小鼠中，游泳以性别依赖性方式抵消了血脂异常、肝脏氧化应激和 Nrf2/Keap-1 信号下调。这些发现表明，非药物疗法游泳方案有助于适应喂食 HCD 的雄性小鼠的性别特异性肝脏氧化应激和 Nrf2/Keap-1 调节。