To update the consensus on the effectiveness of fish passage mitigation structures or “fishways,” I conducted a meta-analysis on the fish passage literature and synthesized attraction and passage efficiency estimates from 60 peer-reviewed articles. One hundred unique species were studied at 75 unique fishways of various designs and sizes yielding 210 and 252 estimates of attraction and passage efficiency, respectively. Following Bunt et al. (River Research and Applications, 28, 2012, 457), the fishways were grouped into five types: nature-like, denil, pool-and-weir, vertical slot or locks and lifts that were operated automatically. Generalized linear mixed effects models showed that fishway type was not a significant predictor of passage efficiency, although nature-like fishways had significantly lower attraction efficiency than other types. Neither fishway slope, nor elevation change was significant predictors of attraction or passage efficiency. Models comparing efficiency between ecological guilds of fishes (pelagic or benthic and rheophilic or limnophilic) showed that attraction and passage efficiency were highest for pelagic rheophiles and lowest for limnophiles. Models comparing migratory guilds of fishes (diadromous, potamodromous, facultative or non-migratory) showed that diadromous species outperformed other guilds, as expected. Fish that were captured inside or above fishways had significantly higher passage performance than fish that were naive to the fishway. Inconsistency in fishway evaluation methods was pervasive in the surveyed literature and made this meta-analysis challenging. When designing studies of fishway evaluations, researchers should conform to best practices so that their results are more generalizable and their conclusions of wider scope.

中文翻译：

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更新关于鱼道效率的共识：荟萃分析

为了更新对鱼道缓解结构或“鱼道”有效性的共识，我对鱼道文献进行了荟萃分析，并综合了 60 篇同行评审文章的吸引力和通过效率估计。在 75 个不同设计和大小的独特鱼道中研究了 100 个独特物种，分别产生了 210 和 252 的吸引力和通过效率估计值。继邦特等人之后。（河流研究与应用, 28, 2012, 457)，将鱼道分为五种类型：自然型、无纺布型、水池和堰型、垂直槽或自动操作的锁和升降机。广义线性混合效应模型表明，鱼道类型不是通过效率的显着预测因子，尽管类似自然的鱼道的吸引效率明显低于其他类型。鱼道坡度和海拔变化都不是吸引力或通过效率的重要预测因素。比较鱼类生态行会（远洋或底栖和亲流变或亲湖）之间的效率的模型表明，中上层流变生物的吸引力和通过效率最高，而亲湖生物的最低。比较鱼类洄游行会的模型（diadromous、potamodromous、兼性或非迁徙）表明，正如预期的那样，迁徙物种的表现优于其他行会。在鱼道内或鱼道上方捕获的鱼的通过性能明显高于未进入鱼道的鱼。调查文献中鱼道评估方法的不一致很普遍，这使得这种荟萃分析具有挑战性。在设计鱼道评估研究时，研究人员应遵循最佳实践，以便他们的结果更具概括性，并得出更广泛的结论。