Management strategies that reduce machinery traffic, such as creating seedbeds, could be adopted to preserve soil health and reduce soil physical restriction to sugarcane (Saccharum sp.) growth. Field experiments on clayey and sandy loam soils were conducted along four crop seasons (2013–2017) to investigate the changes in bulk density, soil penetration resistance, macroporosity and microporosity in the row and inter-row positions, as well as sugarcane biomass production (root and stalk yield) under different machinery traffic treatments. The experimental areas were conducted in randomized block design with two treatments and four repetitions. The evaluated treatments were: (a) regular traffic, in which all operations were performed mechanically using regular machinery traffic; and (b) without traffic, in which all field operations (except those used for sunn hemp management and for opening the sugarcane planting furrow) were performed manually without machinery traffic. No critical values of physical properties were identified in either soil type in plots without machinery traffic, indicating the lowest density and soil penetration resistance values, as well as higher macroporosity, where sugarcane seedbed zones had been established. Our findings show that seedbeds resulted in greater root growth and development in the soil profile, mainly in inter-row positions. Overall, sugarcane stalk yield was similar between the treatments in both soil types. This study reinforces the importance of the planting furrow in keeping suitable soil conditions for plant growth and concludes that sugarcane production in untrafficked seedbeds is an effective strategy to sustain soil physical conditions over the crop cycle, without the need for tillage operations during the (re)planting period.

中文翻译：

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无人耕作犁沟苗床维持甘蔗机械化田土壤物理质量

可以采用减少机械交通的管理策略，例如创建苗床，以保持土壤健康并减少土壤对甘蔗的物理限制（Saccharum sp。） 生长。在四个作物季节（2013-2017 年）对粘土和砂壤土进行田间试验，以研究行和行间的容重、土壤渗透阻力、大孔和微孔以及甘蔗生物量的变化。根和茎产量）在不同的机械交通处理下。试验区采用随机区组设计，两次处理，四次重复。评估的处理方法是： (a) 常规交通，其中所有操作均使用常规机械交通以机械方式进行；(b) 没有交通，所有的田间作业（除了用于晒麻管理和打开甘蔗种植沟的那些）都是手动进行的，没有机械交通。在没有机械交通的地块中，两种土壤类型都没有确定物理特性的临界值，表明密度和土壤渗透阻力值最低，以及较高的大孔隙率，其中已经建立了甘蔗苗床区。我们的研究结果表明，苗床导致土壤剖面中的根系生长和发育更大，主要是在行间位置。总体而言，两种土壤类型的处理之间的甘蔗茎产量相似。这项研究强调了种植犁沟在保持适合植物生长的土壤条件方面的重要性，并得出结论，在未种植的苗床中生产甘蔗是在整个作物周期内维持土壤物理条件的有效策略，而无需在（重新）耕作期间进行耕作。种植期。