Invasive grasses reduce habitat quality for multiple taxa and can negatively impact forage quality for livestock. Large-scale experimental studies are needed to inform more effective grassland restoration that is grounded in practice. To this end, we studied the control of a common but highly invasive cool-season grass using a landscape-scale experiment, employing an adaptive management framework. The study design included three patches (average 8.7 ha) at each of seven sites. Treatments included 1) herbicide (glyphosate), 2) herbicide and native seeding, and 3) control. Four sites were grazed by domestic cattle using adaptive stocking. We sampled vegetation composition and structure during one pretreatment year (2014) and four post-treatment year (2015–2018). Our primary objective was to evaluate how these one-time treatments affected the cover of tall fescue (Schedonorus arundinaceus) and native grasses and forbs. Tall fescue cover was reduced after a one-time glyphosate application, and this reduction was maintained over 4 year on grazed and ungrazed sites. We observed increases of warm-season grasses after herbicide and seeding, with the strongest restoration observed on ungrazed sites. Native grasses did not differ strongly between treatments on grazed sites, where there was a resurgence of nonfescue exotic grasses. Percent cover of native forbs was near zero before seeding but ranged from low to moderate levels afterward. Our results indicate a one-time application of herbicide can be used to reduce but not eradicate the invasive grass tall fescue, although other exotic grasses may replace tall fescue, especially on grazed sites. For plant community restoration to be successful, sites should be rested from grazing to give native seedings time to establish. Although eradication of invasive grasses is often infeasible in productive landscapes, restoring at least some native vegetation has the potential to protect ecosystem services provided by grasslands.

入侵性草降低了多个分类单元的栖息地质量，并可能对牲畜的饲草质量产生负面影响。需要进行大规模的实验研究，以期在实践中为更有效的草地恢复提供依据。为此，我们使用景观尺度实验，采用了自适应管理框架，研究了对常见的但具有高度侵入性的凉季草的控制。研究设计在七个地点的每个地点包括三个斑块（平均8.7公顷）。处理包括1）除草剂（草甘膦），2）除草剂和自然播种，以及3）对照。牲畜使用适应性放牧放牧了四个地点。我们在一个预处理年（2014年）和四个处理后年（2015-2018年）采样了植被组成和结构。（Schedonorus arundinaceus）和当地的草和草。一次性施用草甘膦后，高羊茅盖被减少了，在放牧和未湿润的地方，这种减少保持了4年以上。我们观察到除草剂和播种后暖季草的数量有所增加，在未湿润的地方恢复力最强。天然草在放牧地点的处理之间没有很大的不同，在这些地方，无草场的异国草重新流行。播种前，原生草的覆盖率几乎为零，但随后的覆盖率从低到中等。我们的结果表明，一次性除草剂可用于减少但不能根除侵入性草高羊茅，尽管其他外来草可以代替高羊茅，特别是在放牧的地方。为了使植物群落恢复成功，应避免放牧，以给当地的种子建立时间。尽管在生产性景观中根除入侵性草通常是不可行的，但至少恢复一些原生植被有可能保护草原提供的生态系统服务。