A two-level energy management model that integrates energy procurement contract, operation scheduling under uncertainty, and demand response for connected microgrids is presented in this paper. It provides a framework for managing microgrid operations efficiently by prioritizing renewable over non-renewable generation. In this way, it is possible to size/measure both battery system and diesel generators reserves for overcoming forecast errors of both renewable generation and non-deferrable load demand; and this also enables deferrable load managing. A flexible chance-constraints-based mathematical programming model is also proposed, which can be used as an optimization model at both levels of the energy management model for defining an optimal energy procurement contract based on energy market trade policies and for generating an optimal daily operation schedule based on the energy contract. Furthermore, a new criterion for chance-constraints modeling based on historical minimum/maximum values is proposed. This modeling is intended to consider a high percentage of potential scenarios that may take place during execution. The percentage of presumed cases is estimated from simulation results.

本文提出了一个两级能源管理模型，该模型集成了能源采购合同，不确定性下的运行计划以及所连接微电网的需求响应。它通过优先考虑可再生能源而不是不可再生能源，提供了有效管理微电网运营的框架。这样，就有可能确定/测量电池系统和柴油发电机组的容量，以克服可再生能源发电和非递减负荷需求的预测误差；并且还可以进行延迟的负载管理。还提出了一种基于机会约束的灵活数学规划模型，可以在能源管理模型的两个级别上用作优化模型，用于根据能源市场贸易政策定义最佳的能源采购合同，并根据能源合同生成最佳的日常运营计划。此外，提出了基于历史最小值/最大值的机会约束建模的新准则。该建模旨在考虑执行期间可能发生的很大比例的潜在方案。推测病例的百分比是根据模拟结果估算得出的。