Redox flow batteries (RFBs), regarded as the most effective grid-scale electrochemical energy storage technology, are attracting wide attention because of the problems of the energy crisis and environmental pollution. Charge transport properties are critical factors related to the electrochemical performance of energy storage devices. Nanocarbons, which have special morphologies and many physicochemical properties, such as high ionic conductivity, high thermal conductivity and excellent mechanical properties, can play an indispensable role in electrochemical energy storage. Adjusting the microstructure of carbon materials is an effective strategy to improve their electron and ion transport behavior. In this work, the functions of nanocarbons in RFBs are reviewed, especially focusing on the modification and design of nanocarbons used in the electrodes, suspended electrodes in semi-solid RFBs, and bipolar plates (collectors) used to improve the energy efficiency, power density and the stability of high-performance RFBs. A more systematic and comprehensive understanding of the role that nanocarbons play in RFBs could provide a new perspective for the design of high-performance RFB electrodes.

由于能源危机和环境污染问题，被认为是最有效的网格规模电化学储能技术的氧化还原液流电池（RFB）引起了广泛的关注。电荷传输性质是与能量存储装置的电化学性能有关的关键因素。具有特殊形态和许多物理化学特性（例如高离子电导率，高导热率和出色的机械性能）的纳米碳在电化学储能中起着不可或缺的作用。调节碳材料的微观结构是改善其电子和离子传输行为的有效策略。在这项工作中，回顾了纳米碳在RFB中的功能，特别着重于电极中使用的纳米碳，半固态RFB中的悬浮电极以及用于提高能效，功率密度和高性能RFB稳定性的双极板（集电极）的改性和设计。对纳米碳在RFB中的作用的更系统和全面的理解可以为高性能RFB电极的设计提供新的视角。