We aimed to investigate the association between sleep disorders and 5-year all-cause and disease-specific mortality. In this population-based cohort study, data from the sample cohort of the National Health Insurance Service, that was developed as a representative of the South Korean population were extracted. Sleep disorder was defined based on the 10th edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10; codes G47*). Multivariate Cox regression modeling was used for statistical analysis. In the sample cohort of 2010, 822,214 adults (≥ 18 years) were included for analysis. Among them, 27,515 (3.3%) individuals had sleep disorders, of which insomnia was most common (17,864 individuals, 2.2%). Compared with the control group, the sleep disorder group showed a 1.23-fold higher 5-year all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.23, 95% confidence interval: 1.18–1.28; P < 0.001). On competing risk analysis, compared with the control group, the sleep disorder group demonstrated the highest risk of 5-year injury- and poisoning-related mortality (HR: 1.61) followed by 5-year nervous system disease mortality (HR: 1.35). On subgroup analyses according to age, sleep disorders conferred a 2.05-fold higher risk for all-cause mortality (HR: 2.05) in the group aged 18–40 years; sleep disorders in the 41–60 and > 60 years groups showed 1.58-fold (HR: 1.58) and 1.48-fold (HR: 1.48) higher risk, respectively. Increased 5-year all-cause mortality was associated with sleep disorders, particularly for deaths owing to injury or poisoning, and nervous system disease. This association was more evident in the young adult population (aged 18–40 years).

我们旨在调查睡眠障碍与5年全因和疾病特异性死亡率之间的关联。在这项基于人群的队列研究中，从作为韩国人口代表的国家健康保险服务样本队列中提取了数据。睡眠障碍是根据《国际疾病分类》第10版（ICD-10；代码G47 *）定义的。多变量Cox回归建模用于统计分析。在2010年的样本队列中，纳入了822,214名成人（≥18岁）进行分析。其中，有27,515名（3.3％）患有睡眠障碍，其中失眠最为常见（17,864名，占2.2％）。与对照组相比，睡眠障碍组的5年全因死亡率高出1.23倍（危险比[HR]：1.23，P  <0.001）。在竞争风险分析中，与对照组相比，睡眠障碍组表现出最高的5年伤害和中毒相关死亡率（HR：1.61），其次是5年神经系统疾病死亡率（HR：1.35）。根据年龄进行亚组分析，在18至40岁的年龄组中，睡眠障碍导致全因死亡率的风险高2.05倍（HR：2.05）。41-60岁和60岁以上年龄组的睡眠障碍风险分别高1.58倍（HR：1.58）和1.48倍（HR：1.48）。5年全因死亡率增加与睡眠障碍有关，尤其是因受伤或中毒而死亡以及神经系统疾病引起的死亡。这种联系在年轻人（18-40岁）中更为明显。