The maturing of autonomous driving technology in recent years has led to several pilot projects and the initial integration of autonomous pods and buses into the public transport (PT) system. An emerging field of interest is the design of public transport networks operating autonomous buses and the potential to attract higher levels of travel demand. In this work a multi-objective optimization and multi-agent simulation framework is developed to study potential changes in the network design and frequency settings compared to conventional PT systems when autonomous vehicles (AV) systems are deployed on fixed-route networks. During the optimization process multiple deployment scenarios (network configurations and service frequency) are evaluated and optimized considering the operator cost, user cost and infrastructure preparation costs of the system. User-focused network design and operator-focused network design are studied for a real-world urban area in Sweden. The results provide insights into the network design and level of service implications brought about by the deployment of autonomous bus (AB) when those are integrated in route-based PT systems. We show that the deployment of autonomous buses result with a network design that increases service ridership. In the context of our case study this increase is likely to primarily substitute walking.

近年来，自动驾驶技术的成熟导致了多个试点项目，并将自动驾驶舱和公共汽车初步集成到公共交通（PT）系统中。一个新兴的兴趣领域是设计运行自动驾驶公交车的公共交通网络，以及吸引更高水平旅行需求的潜力。在这项工作中，开发了一种多目标优化和多主体仿真框架，以研究将自动驾驶汽车（AV）系统部署在固定路线网络上时与传统PT系统相比在网络设计和频率设置方面的潜在变化。在优化过程中，将考虑系统的运营商成本，用户成本和基础架构准备成本，评估和优化多个部署方案（网络配置和服务频率）。针对瑞典的真实城市区域，研究了以用户为中心的网络设计和以运营商为中心的网络设计。当将自治总线（AB）集成到基于路由的PT系统中时，这些结果可洞悉网络设计和服务水平，这些问题是由自治总线（AB）的部署所带来的。我们表明，自主总线的部署是通过网络设计来增加服务水平的。在我们的案例研究中，这种增加可能主要替代步行。我们表明，自主总线的部署是通过网络设计来增加服务水平的。在我们的案例研究中，这种增加可能主要替代步行。我们表明，自主总线的部署是通过网络设计来增加服务水平的。在我们的案例研究中，这种增加可能主要替代步行。