Abstract

The Moscow University Universat-SOCRAT program is aimed at using small satellites to monitor space threats, such as radiation in near-earth space, electromagnetic transients, and potentially dangerous bodies of natural and artificial origins. The first stage of the program implementation began on July 5, 2019 as a result of the successful launch of three Cubesat-type nanosatellites from the Vostochny cosmodrome. These satellites are equipped with instruments for space radiation monitoring, as well as prototypes of devices for observing transient phenomena in the Earth’s atmosphere. In particular, two satellites are equipped with scintillation phosphich detectors that detect charged particles and gamma quanta in the energy release range of 0.1–2 MeV. The geometric factor of these instruments is \({\approx}50\) cm\({}^{2}\) sr. One of the Cubesats also carries an optical photometer, consisting of four silicon photomultipliers, which entrance windows are covered with different light filters. The satellites were launched into solar-synchronous orbits with an altitude of \({\approx}550\) km. This makes favorable conditions for space radiation monitoring in various areas of near-Earth space, including zones of trapped radiation, areas of precipitation, etc. Such an orbit also allows observations of flare phenomena both in the equatorial atmosphere and at high latitudes. The first results of flight tests are discussed.

中文翻译：

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Universat-SOCRAT项目框架下莫斯科大学多卫星实验中空间辐射监测的初步经验

摘要

莫斯科大学Universat-SOCRAT计划旨在使用小型卫星监视太空威胁，例如近地空间的辐射，电磁瞬变以及天然和人工来源的潜在危险物体。该计划实施的第一阶段于2019年7月5日开始，这是从沃斯托尼（Vostochny）宇宙飞船成功发射了三枚Cubesat型纳米卫星的结果。这些卫星配备了用于监测空间辐射的仪器，以及用于观测地球大气中瞬态现象的设备的原型。特别是，两颗卫星都配备了闪烁磷光检测器，可以检测在0.1–2 MeV的能量释放范围内的带电粒子和伽马量子。这些仪器的几何系数为\（{\ approx} 50 \）厘米\（{} ^ {2} \） sr。其中一个立方体卫星还带有一个光学光度计，该光度计由四个硅光电倍增管组成，其入射窗被不同的滤光片覆盖。卫星以\（{\大约} 550 \）公里的高度发射到太阳同步轨道。这为监视近地空间各个区域的空间辐射提供了有利条件，包括捕获的辐射区域，降水区域等。这种轨道还允许观察赤道大气和高纬度地区的耀斑现象。讨论了飞行测试的第一个结果。