This paper presents an approach for the preliminary design of complex physical systems in the framework of systems engineering. This approach is centered on the activities and actors involved in the pre-design tasks. It focuses on the modeling of design problems with DEPS (DEsign Problem Specification), a recent formalism for specifying and modeling design problems in engineering. This design methodology completes simulation-based analysis approaches, which are mainly used today for the design of physical systems. In particular, our approach allows the synthesis of pre-design architectures, which analysis/simulation approaches cannot do. Starting from the textual specification of the requirements, the proposed approach builds a formal model of the design problem and solves it using Constraint Programming. Ideas and concepts related to this approach are discussed: the issue of reusability of problem models, the concepts of problem, knowledge and solutions spaces as well as the formal specification of requirements and everything else that distinguish a design problem model from a designed system model. An example of a Li-ion battery design for an electric vehicle acts as a practical use case for this article.

本文提出了一种在系统工程框架内对复杂物理系统进行初步设计的方法。这种方法的重点是预先设计任务中涉及的活动和参与者。它着重于DEPS设计问题的建模（设计问题规范），这是一种用于在工程中指定和建模设计问题的最新形式主义。该设计方法论完善了基于仿真的分析方法，该方法目前主要用于物理系统的设计。尤其是，我们的方法允许对预设计架构进行综合，而分析/模拟方法则无法做到。从需求的文本规范开始，提出的方法建立了设计问题的形式模型，并使用约束编程解决了该问题。讨论了与该方法有关的想法和概念：问题模型的可重用性问题，问题，知识和解决方案空间的概念以及需求的形式规范以及所有其他与众不同的概念。从设计的系统模型设计问题模型。电动汽车锂离子电池设计的一个示例可作为本文的实际用例。